To evaluate the reproductive performance of Markhoz does in an accelerated kid production system (three Kiddings in two years) and to compare with a conventional kid production system, 90 mature does in Sanandaj Breeding Station were monitored into three groups: 1-twice mating a year with hormone (CIDR and injection of 400-IU PMSG); 2-Twice mating a year without hormone; 3-Conventional system, once a year (control group). Data on pregnancy rate, twinning or prolificacy rate, litter size, fecundity rate, born kid crop and weaned kid crop and viability rate were calculated and analysis was performed with GLM process using SAS software. The parturition rate and fecundity rate of does in the experimental (1, 2) and control groups was 2, 1. 77 and 1. 66, and respectively 3. 43, 2. 7 and 2. 17 during the 24 months that had a significant difference (P<0. 05). Born Kid Crop and Weaned Kid Crop and weaning rate during 24 months in treatment 1 was significantly more than the treatment 2 and control (P<0. 05). Average of Born Kid Crop and Weaned Kid Crop per doe in the experimental groups and control was 2. 95, 2. 62 and 1. 39 kg respectively, and 10, 8. 01 and 7. 67 kg respectively, that the differences between three treatment were significant (P<0. 05). The Net income of the implementation of reproductive treatments and three Kiddings in two years was more than control treatment.

Purpose: To investigate demographic, clinical and histopathologic features of Consecutive exotropia.Methods: Patients with Consecutive exotropia who underwent surgery in Farabi hospital between September 2014 and April 2015 were enrolled in this study. After complete ophthalmologic examination and far and near deviation measurement, all patients with negative forced duction test underwent 4-mm medial rectus resection and advancement. Intraoperative absence of muscle fiber visualization according to surgeon’s opinion was documented and compared with histopathology results. The histopathologic results were compared between 30 cases of Consecutive exotropia and 11 cases who underwent 4-mm resection of the medial rectus muscle with no previous surgery on the medial rectus muscle (controls). A dose-response relationship was calculated for medial rectus resection and advancement in Consecutive exotropic patients.Results: Thirty eyes of 30 patients with Consecutive exotropia were evaluated. Muscle fibers were not observed intraoperatively in 40% of eyes. No correlation was found between surgical success and the absence of muscle fiber visualization at insertion. Dose-response was approximately 4.4 prism diopter per millimeter of resection and advancement of the medial rectus muscle.Conclusion: Intraoperative absence of muscle fiber visualization was an important cause of Consecutive exotropia that could be due to stretched scar and muscle slippage. This could be documented by histopathology using Masson trichrome staining. The dose-response relationship calculated in Consecutive exotropic patients in the present study can help us better manage these patients. Medial rectus underaction may be a risk factor for absence of muscle fiber visualization at insertion. The outcome of surgery can be predicted based on the intraoperative visualization of muscle fiber at insertion.

Purpose: To determine the clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes of medial rectus (MR) advancement with or without lateral rectus (LR) recession in patients with Consecutive exotropia. Methods: This interventional case series was performed on patients with Consecutive exotropia of more than 15 prism diopters (PD) at least 6 months after the esotropia surgery. All patients were operated using either unilateral or bilateral MR muscle advancement with or without simultaneous LR recession. Ocular deviation at far and near distances, adduction limitation, and exoshift were investigated at the follow‑, ups of 1 week, as well as 1, 3, and 6 months after the surgery. Operation was considered successful when the postoperative far deviation was <10 PD. Results: Thirty patients were evaluated. The mean amount of MR advancement was 5. 69 ±,1. 33 mm with the mean dose response of 4. 7 ±,3. 3 and 4. 55 ±,4. 01 PD at 3 and 6‑, month follow‑, ups, respectively. Success rate was reduced from 93% at week 1 to 73% at month 6 due to postoperative exodrift, especially during the first 3 months. Preoperative exotropia was the only contributing factor in our study. Conclusions: MR advancement was an effective surgical method for Consecutive exotropia correction, especially in cases with MR underaction. Bilateral MR advancement and/or LR recession are suggested in cases with higher preoperative exodeviation. The presence of postoperative exodrift indicates longer follow‑, ups for patients.

The vascular complications, their management and results of treatment in 417 Consecutive renal transplantations performed at Taleghani Hospital from September 1989 to December 1997, are presented. There were 7 (1.6%) vascular complications. Among them renal artery stenosis occurred in 2 cases (0.4%), renal artery thrombosis in 2 cases (0.4%), renal vein thrombosis in one case (0.2%), bleeding from the venous suture line in the immediate perioperative period in one case and renal pelvic necrosis in another one. Arterial reconstruction was performed in 2 patients and allograft removal took place in 3 patients. There was no death due to vascular complication.